在英美經(jīng)貿(mào)報刊中，關(guān)于國際經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易發(fā)展和預(yù)測其發(fā)展趨勢的文章占據(jù)相當(dāng)大的比重。這些文章除在內(nèi)容上具有涉及范圍廣泛的特點外，在文章的表達(dá)方式上也具有鮮明的特點。比如，有關(guān)國際經(jīng)貿(mào)發(fā)展及預(yù)測其發(fā)展趨勢的文章通常涉及各種指數(shù)的變化和比較，而這些指數(shù)變化的文字表達(dá)構(gòu)成該類文章的一大特點。掌握這些特點，無疑對迅速而準(zhǔn)確地理解文章的內(nèi)容起到十分重要的作用。
下面我們就先來歸納一下有關(guān)經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易發(fā)展方面常用的表達(dá)方式。
描述經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易的發(fā)展無非是上升、下降和趨勢平穩(wěn)三種情況，再加上各種指數(shù)之間的比較以及表達(dá)"約估"這個概念，來看以下的歸納總結(jié)：
一、有關(guān)經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易發(fā)展方面常用的表達(dá)方式：
1. 上升情況
例：Also, fourth-quarter consumer spending appears to be perking up. After
strong 0.8% advance in September, October retail sales rose 0.2%. The gain was
modest, but excluding car dealers, sales increased a strong
0.4%.
此外，第四季度消費(fèi)者消費(fèi)額趨于上揚(yáng)。零售指數(shù)在九月份以0.8％的比例強(qiáng)勁增長后，十月份又上漲了0.2％。利潤雖然不多，但除汽車銷售外，銷售額有0.4％的大幅增長。
例：Consumer outlays surged 1% in May, followed by a 0.4% advance in
July.
消費(fèi)者的消費(fèi)額5月份上升1％，6月份上升0.4％。
常用于描述上升趨勢的短語有：
an increase / to increase
a rise / to rise
a gain / to gain
an upward movement / to go up
a jump / to jump
a peak / to (hit) reach a peak / to peak
a growth / to grow
a hike / to hike
a leap / to leap
a soaring / to soar
a surge in/ to surge
2. 下降情況
例：The Nation's purchasers said industrial activity declined in August, and
the government composite index of leading indicators fell 0.2% in
July.
全國的購買商稱：八月份的工業(yè)生產(chǎn)下降，政府主要指標(biāo)的綜合指數(shù)七月份下降了0.2％。
例：The unemployment rate dipped from 5.7% in July back to 5.6% - its June
reading - but the non-farm workweek was cut, and hourly wage
fell.
失業(yè)率從七月份的5.7％下降至六月份的5.6％，但非農(nóng)業(yè)企業(yè)的周工作時間縮短，時工資降低。
常用于表示下降趨勢的短語有：
a dip / to dip to
a decline / to decline
a drop / to drop
a decrease / to decrease
a collapse / to collapse
a cut / to cut
a downward movement in / go down
a fall off / to fall off
a leveling off / to level off
a low point / to reach a low point
a slip in / to slip off
a slump in / to slump
a slide / to slide
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